Carbureter



w. R. HESLEWOOD.

CARBURETERL APPLICATION FILED SEPT- II. 1916- 1,327,205. 4 Patented Jan. 6,1920.

Z1 Z6 3 A; Z9

i] I i T 1 i 2M J 6 A;

a... Y [f 1 2 IN VENTOR.

I Wz/lmm filkflzfzwad MM 0% ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. HESLEWOOD, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGN'OR OF ONE-THIRD TO PHILLIP J. ROWLAND, OIE OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

GARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 6, 1920.

Application filed September 11, 1916. Serial No. 119,598.

- provements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in carburetors. It has as its principal object the constructing of a device of this character in which the hydrocarbon fuel-is vaporized by the passage of air currents across films of the liquid fuel rather than by spraying the fuel into a moving column of airas is the case with most of the carbureters now in use.

Another object of my invention is to provide means by which the degree of vacuum within the device may be regulated, thereby governing the velocity of the moving air currents in relation to the surface containing the liquid hydrocarbons.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for controlling-- the amount of surface exposed whereby a greater 'or less degree of fuel is drawn into the engine cylinders.

Still further objects of the invent on are to provide a device which is simple in construction, efficient in operation and in gen-' eral to provide an improved device of this character which air passing through is thoroughly saturated with vapor instead 7 of sprayed globules of the liquid fuel.

With these and other'objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts herein illustrated and more specifically pointed out in appended claims.

Reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, 1

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section through the improved carburetor.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same wlth the cover plate removed.

3 is a bottom plan view with the cover screen partly broken away.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view through several of the disks used 1n the device.

Referring to the various parts in the several views by" the same numerals of reference, 1 denotes a cylindrical casing wherein j is contained a pile of thin ,disk members 2,

each disk of which is provided with a plurality of holes 3 for' air, and holes 4: for the liquid fuel. In threaded engagement with the lower end of easing 1 is a liquid containing member 5 having an interior chamber 5, the bottom wall 6, and top wall 7. Tubular pipes 8' extend through walls 6 and 7, across the chamber 5 and are arranged in the same relative position as holes 3, so that when the device is assembled. the interior passageways of members 8 are in alinement with the passageways formed by the openings 3. These tubular members may be inserted in the walls 6 and 7 in any preferred manner which will provide a tight connection, such as brazing or riveting. The wall 7 is also provided with certain holes 9 which holes are adapted to aline with holes 4 in the disks 2, thereby affording communication between the chamber 5 and the disks 2. These disks may be provided with a recess 10 and the casing with a similar shaped rib 11 whereby the disks will be held in a fixed relation to each other.

These various disks are held one on the other by means of the upper plate 12, which has a counter sunk recess 13 in which .is seated the head of a bolt 14. The latter extends through suitable axial holes in the various disks and is in threaded engagement with member 7.

The-interior chamber of member 5 is provided with an .intake 15 which is connected by suitable means 16 with source of hydrocarbon liquid on which is maintained a head, either through gravity or air pressure, which is suflicient to force the liquid through the openings 4 to the topmost disk. On the lower end of member 5 is engaged an angular ring 17, provided with center hub 18 in which is pivotally mounted a stub shaft 19. To this shaft is attached a disk 20 having openings 21 disposed in the same relative position as the openings in disks2. The

hub 18 is held in place by means of the spoke 'members 22 and a fine mesh screen 24: is

clamped between the end of member 5 and the ring 17 On the outer end of shaft 19 is provided through the remamlng upper surface of disk 12. This extension and the upper end of the casing is provided with a cover plate 26"having the converging portion 27 in axial alinement with the casing 1. This converging portion is provided with suitable means such as screw threads 28 by which it may be connected to an engine manifold. The cover is provided with a lug 29 disposed in alinement with the center of the are shaped extension and extending through this lug is a short shaft 30 which has securely attached to its inner end the disk 31 and to its outer end a crank 314 so that by turning this crank the disk 31 may be turned to cover more or less of the openings in the plate 12.

The operation is as follows The various disks 2 are assembled within the casin 1 so that the openings 3 aline with the tubular members 8 through the cavity of base The holes3 of the upper plate 12 also aline with holes 2 and holes I in disks 2 aline with holes 9in the plate 7 but it will be noted that plate 12 contains no openings communicating; with the passageways 32 formed by holes 2.

The various disks are clamped together sufficiently tight that the capillary attraction between the adjacent surfaces will be greater than the static head on the liquid within the chamber 5 and these disks thus assembled may be said to constitute a capillary pile. The liquid will flow up through the passageways formed by openings 9 and '1 and by capillary attraction will be drawn between the disks to the edges of openings 2.

The suction exerted through the head 27 draws air through the holes 21 in plate 20, tubular members 8. and the passageways formed by holes 2. This air comes intocontact with the edge of the film of liquid hydrocarbon around the passageway 32 as shown in the enlarged view Fig. 4 causing evaporation from this outer edge. Thus on its upward passageway the air is increasingly saturated 'with hydrocarbon vapor, giving a gaseous fuel which is most suitable for the efficient operation of internal combustion engines. The area of holes 2 is such that at the highest engine speed the velocity of air through these holes will be correct for proper evaporation of the fuel. As the engine is closed down the disk 31' is moved to cover a proportional number of the holes 2 and there maintain the same velocity holes.

The capillary attraction between the disks is sufiiciently great that the liquid will not be expelled around the openings 3 by the static head and thus cause leakage. \Vhile the vacuum exerted by the suction on 28 is not sutiicient to draw the liquid from between the disks yet it will cause it to slightly protrude and there come into effective contact with the ascendin air currents.

It will be apparent with this improved construction that the liquid is taken up entirely by vaporization and under no circum stances will it be sprayed into the air. This overcomes the formation of globules and the consequent reduction of engine efiiciency.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention it will be understood that changes within the scope of the claims may be made in structural details without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim as new and wish to cover by Letters Patent 1. In a carbureter, a casing, a capillary pile within said casing formed of superimposed disks having capillary interstices between adjacent surfaces, said pile having capillary feed passages and air passages intersecting said interstices, and a liquid fuel supply having communication with said feed passages and the interstices between said disks'whereby fuel is led to the surface of said air passages to be taken up by the passage of air therethrough.

2. In a carbureter, a casing of superposed disks having capillary interstices between adjacent surfaces, said pile having capillary feed passages and air passages intersecting said capillary interstices, aliquid fuel supply having communication with said feed passages whereby fuel is led to the surfaces of said air passages to be taken up by the passage air therethrough, and means for compressing the disks forming said pile to govern the passage of fuel through such capillary interstices.

8. In a carbureter, a casing housing a capillary pile formed of a perposed disks having capillary interstices therebetween and each having a plurality of large and small holes therethrough, said large holes alining to form a plurality of air mssages, and said small holes forming a plurality of capillary feed passagesboth said housing a plle air and said fuel passages intersecting said capillary interstices, and a fuel supply communicating with said capillary fuel passages. the said air passages opening to the atmosphere whereby a current of air therethrough will take up some of the fuel held in said capillary interstices around said air passages.

4. In a carbureter, a casing housing a capillary pile formed of a plurality of superposed disks and having capillary interstices between their surfaces, a liquid fuel supply communicating with the interstices between said disks whereby the fuel is distributed therebetweenby capillary attraction, and said disks having'a plurality of holes forming axial air passages whereby air currents through said passages Will contact with the liquid fuel at the intersecting edges of said disks and said passages.

plurality of su 5. A carbureter comprising a pile of thin disks having capillary interstices between their surfaces and having capillary feed passages extending axially through said pile and relatively large air passageways, a cas ing housing said disks, a bottom plate and a top plate within said casing holding said disks therebetween, a liquid fuel supply, said bottom plate having a plurality of capillary feed passages communicating with said fuel supply and the feed passages in said disks, and said bottom plate and said top having relatively large air passageways alining with the air passageways in said disks.

6. A carbureter comprising a pile of thin disks having capillary interstices between their surfaces and having capillary feed passages and relatively large air passageways intersecting said interstices, a casing housing said disks, a bottom plate and a top plate within'said casing holding said disks therebetween, means for adjustably clamping said disks between said plates, a liquid fuel supply, said bottom plate having a plurality of capillary feed passages communicating with the feed passages in said disks and said fuel supply, and said bottom plate and said top having relatively large air passageways alining with the air passageways in said disks.

7. A carbureter comprising a pile of thin disks having capillary interstices therebetween and having capillary feed passages and air passages intersecting said interstices, a casing housing said disks, a liquid fuel reservoir below said pile, a bottom plate, and a top plate contacting with the upper and lower of said disks respectively, said bottom plate having capillary openings communicating with the interior of said reservoir and said capillar feed passages and both of said plates havlng air passages alining with the air passageways in said disks.

8, A carbureter,.comprising a casing, a pile of superposed disks within said casing, said disks having fuel and 'air openings forming fuel and air passageways extending axially through said pile, a liquid fuel supply communicating with said fuel passageways, and means for clamping said disks closely together whereby the liquid fuel is held therebetween and brought in contact around the edge of said air openings with air currents flowing therethrough;

9. A carbureter comprising a pile of superpo'sed disks, said disks having fuel and air openings forming fuel and air passageways extending axially through said pile, a liquid fuel supply communicating with said fuel passageways, means for holding said disks closely together whereby the liquid fuel is held therebetween and brought in contact around the edge .of said air openings with air currents flowing therethrough, and means for varying the pressure exerted by said holding means whereby the intimacy of contact between the disks may be regulated.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WILLIAM R. HESLEWOOD. 

